What does it take to have a Great Campaign?

Every PR practitioner should know that every campaign begins with research and ends with evaluation. No mater what model you use be it RACE, ROSIE, or RPIE you have to research your publics and then come up with an efficient way to evaluate them.

But how do you go about this? A great place to start is with formative and evaluative research. According to Professor LaRae Donnellan, formative is done before you start the communication process of your campaign. This can help you decide what kind of strategies and tactics that you would like to use. (PR Research Methods June 2010) During this process it is important that a practitioner comes up with a list of metrics for their campaign. A metric is a measurement; it is how you measure your objective.

Evaluative Research can be performed during or after your campaign. It is important to measure after you have completed your campaign however; I think that it is more important to do this while the campaign is going on. You can make adjustments to certain objectives if they are not getting the best results from your publics.

After you have performed these research methods you may want to use some of these measurable objectives to track your results:

- CPM ( cost per thousand impressions)

- Clip Counting

- ROI ( Return on Investment)

- Benchmarking

Another good tactic is to perform a SWOT analysis. SWOT stands for strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats. This exercise is beneficial to understanding all the aspects of the client. You start by making a list of all the strengths that your company/ client may have, such as:

- Location

- Price point

- Contacts

- Reputation

Listing these items will help you get a better understanding of what you may do better than your competitors.

Next, you should list the weaknesses of you client/company. Some examples of weaknesses are:

- Poor reputation

- Poor communication skills

- Poor availability

- Lack of resources

Next, you need to make a list of opportunities. Are known as the external factors affecting your client/ company, opportunities are things like:

- New Developments within your market

- Sponsorship

- The change in common trends with your public

The last step to the SWOT analysis is the threat step. Threats are potential opportunities according to Professor Donnellan. Competition is one of the main threats that a client/company may face.

While there are many other strategies a practitioner may use these are a few that can take your campaign further.

Is My Message Sticky Enough?

One of the many responsibilities of a PR practitioner is to make sure that the message is able to stick in the minds of the publics. Malcolm Gladwell the author of “The Tipping Point” described stickiness as, “the specific quality that a message needs to be successful.” (Malcolm Gladwell, 2002 pg 92)

It’s interesting when we watch a commercial on TV how fast we pick up on a jingle, or when you watch your favorite movie you can quote that movie line for line. What makes those messages stick? Gladwell says that when most of us want a person to remember something we try to put a direct emphasis on that message. We may try to speak loudly, or highlight a specific set of words, but Gladwell says while that may work for some messages there are other subtle approaches.

For example, Sesame Street one of the most influential educational programs for children in my opinion, researched how to make these subtle approaches effective. One thing that set Sesame Street apart from everyone else was it was on TV. They were utilizing a medium that had never been used before in order to educate children. The creator’s of Sesame Street said that the creators realize one simple but important thing; if you can capture and keep someone’s attention you can educate them.

The Distracter was the biggest stickiness mechanism. The Distracter was a slide show that was used while an episode of Sesame Street was being played. The slide show would consist of random things varying from a falling leaf to a flowing stream. They would then bring children in the room and make them watch the episode. They would change the slide periodically while the episode was playing; the idea was to track how many times the children diverted their attention from the episode to the slide show. From their findings they would then extract that segment out of the show. The Distracter made their message stick; they realized that if the children weren’t entertained their message would get lost in translation.

So many times a PR practitioner may have an awesome message that some how gets lost in all the media clutter. It is important when drafting a message you find creative ways to make your message stick. Another key ingredient to make your message stick is being mindful of those delivering the message. Gladwell says that in order to give your message that extra stickiness, you have to have three important people on your team: Connectors, Mavens, and Salesmen.

Connectors are the networking people. They can put your message in the right hands and introduce you to the people who can help your message stick. Maven’s are the educators; they know a wealth of knowledge and tell people information because they know it’s the right thing to do. Lastly, the salesman is known as the persuader. This person is the last step to making your idea stick. They can persuade people into accepting your message and applying it.

The Importance of Knowing How to Frame Your Message

Framing is one of the most important tools in public relations. This tool allows your publics to see the story in a different light. Much of our media today goes through a gatekeeper, a gatekeeper is responsible for “filtering,” the messages that we receive. While the gatekeeper is filtering he is also framing the message to suit his/her publics. For example, one of the biggest issues we have facing the world today is “Climate Change.” Climate change, global warming, climate crisis and the list goes on are some of the names used to refer to the biggest issues facing the world. Why is it that we have so many names for one particular issue? Well, it is simple it’s all about how people feel. When people here climate crisis it sounds very alarming. It doesn’t sound as if this is normal and it starts to instill fear in these publics mind. According to The Psychology of Climate Communications, framing is important because it brings central points to the forefront. Framing helps the publics organize their ideas in order to formulate an opinion. Framing also helps to place “blame.” Framing can help the publics decide who the aggressor is and what should be done to deal with that person. According Malcolm Gladwell’s Tipping Point there are a group of people that are key influencers in getting a message delivered the connector, maven, and salesmen. It is important that these people are on board when you are trying to frame a particular message. Framing has many different steps that can be used in order to promote a call to action. CRED says that are two people that have certain goals and what they focus on. There are the promotion focused and the prevention focused. The promotion focused people are concerned about progression. While the prevention focused people are concerned with they are a concerned with maintain the “status quo.” It is important as a PR practitioner that you keep in mind the various publics that you have. Every message has to be framed in a certain context in order for it to be received well. In framing it is important to remember the proximity of the frame. Localizing the frame can make it more effective. Giving the publics a sense of loyalty and familiarity makes them more comfortable with the message. Lastly, on important strategy for framing is alluding to the future. It is important to give the publics a look to the future at the same time it is important not loose focus of the present. The important thing for a PR practitioner to remember is that framing can come across a manipulative being sure to include the facts and to appear unbiased is important. Being able to frame is a great way to spread a message, move a call to action, and appealing to the publics.

Dimdim

Dimdim is a web conferencing program. Much like skype Dimdim offers video and phone conferencing for its customers. The difference however is that this program allows you to share pdf files and show pictures. Unlike the other web conferencing programs, Dimdim was created more for the business savvy individual.
Dimdim was started in February 2006. One of the important factors for the inventors was to have a user friendly product. They also didn’t want people to have to download software in order to utilize the program. Dimdim offers its services for free and does offer a paid program for its clients who want to customize their conferencing.
Even at its most basic level customers can meet up with 20 people at a time. There is also an advanced scheduling book that you can set up to plan future events. Much like the free conference calls you are given a moderator pass code and a participant one. You can send out an e-mail list and set up different time zones. You even have the option to use a white board where you can post comments that everyone can share.
Another interesting aspect is being able to host webinars on the program. All of your members can view a presentation that you have put together. You can show them by either sharing your screen or by having the option to click on the webinar option.

The Biggest Media Scandal

The Climate Cover-Up is a book written by a PR practitioner, James Hogan. Hogan a long time PR professional wrote the climate cover-up to talk about one the most controversial topics in today's society. What is interesting to find throughout the book is to see how well researched the book really is. How Hogan took the extra mile to highlight the uncertainties of exactly what climate change is. the first chapter which is titled "Lemmings and Lifeguards," helps to put into perspective where the public could be confused by the message that is being delivered through the media. For example, Bjorn Lomborg is an environmentalist. Much of his writings come from the skeptical side of global warming. He speaks out against the thought of having a carbon footprint, that it would be impossible to measure. He goes on to explain that our footprint will decrease in size because our population will continue to grow. He comes up with all these theories yet he doesn't even have a PhD in environmental science. Instead Lomborg received his PhD in political science. He was still published in a leading Canadian newspaper and listed as a reliable source.
Since Hogans has an experienced background in PR, he gave a few pointers in how to deal with addressing media. In chapter three he commends Lee and Bernays for their innovative ideas that are still used today. Some of the PR implications that are faced when spreading the word about global warming is creditability. People want a relabel source that is able to deliver the truth good or bad. In dealing with climate change a PR practitioner must show a plan of productivity, utilize the steps that the father's of PR have provided, and always tell the truth.
Hogan did an excellent job at highlighting the importance of practicing ethical PR.

How I FRAME!!!!!!

In dealing with Framing it is important for a PR practitioner to know the basis of what framing is really about.
A strategic frame analysis is an approach to communications research and practice that pays attention to the public’s deeply held worldviews and widely held assumptions, according to the frameworks institute. It is very important that a PR practitioner recognizes that there are multiple ways to tell a story. YOUR story is the one that you want to have the most creditability and be the most persuasive but not manipulative.
It is important to know exactly what a frame consists of, METAPHORS, VISUALS, STORIES, CONTEXT, MESSAGES, MESSENGERS AND NUMBERS. This is how to effectively reach the audience that you desire and to insure that they see the story from your point of view.
In dealing with the issue of “CLIMATE CHANGE,” it is amazing to see how even the name screams framing. When the issue of climate change first came about we referenced it as Global Warming. The term brings about a harsh and negative cononation when you hear it.

One example of framing, was when Philip Morris the smoking company came up with the Smoker Alliance. This was a non-profit organization that helped smokers fight for their rights! That was how the organization was framed. It actually an astro-turf, it was highly funded organization that was used to enforce tobacco laws in favor of the smoking company.
It is important to remember that when you are framing you must stick to the views of your publics. It is a great way to send a message that will work in your favor.

The Tipping Point

The Tipping Point should serve as a PR Bible for PR practitioner's. The book highlights the starting and take off points for any product or trend. Malcolm Gladwell does an excellent job at breaking down the science of "The Tipping Point." In the book Gladwell uses the word epidemic to provide a metaphor for the tipping point. No one knows why something takes off or how it happens but the impact is known. Gladwell provides three factors that every trend possess; the law of the few, the stickiness factor, and the power of context. Gladwell also pinpoints three people that help to "sell " the trend; Connectors, Mavens, and Salesmen. If any PR campaign posses those three people it is sure to succeed according to Gladwell.
One of the examples provided in the book was the epidemic of the Hush Puppy shoes. Hush Puppies were on their way of being out of style and extinct, until some New York city kids begin to wear them. What started out with a few kids trying to be different, turned into a rebirth of a classic. Hush Puppies became the "it" fashion for ever designer's line.
It is important for a PR practitioner to remember that the "tipping point" serves as the catalyst for a major move in an idea, theory, or product.